What is important to monitor in pregnant patients with pre-existing diabetes?

Monitoring blood glucose levels and potential complications is critical for pregnant patients with pre-existing diabetes. This condition poses several risks both to the mother and the developing fetus, making tight glucose control essential. Poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy can lead to complications such as preeclampsia, fetal macrosomia (large baby), and neonatal hypoglycemia, among others.

Maintaining appropriate blood glucose levels helps minimize these risks, as hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) can adversely affect fetal development and increase the likelihood of delivery complications. Additionally, monitoring for potential complications allows for timely intervention should any issues arise, ensuring both maternal and fetal health are prioritized throughout the pregnancy.

While monitoring blood pressure and heart rate, body weight and dietary intake, and fetal movement and growth are all important aspects of pregnancy management, they do not directly address the specific needs and risks associated with diabetes. The focus for diabetic patients is primarily on controlling blood glucose and anticipating complications arising from the condition.